Concept notes: This question tests knowledge of Indian geography and history, specifically the location of the Indus River, the historical event of the partition of India, and the ancient name of regions in India. The Indus River flows into the Arabian Sea, not the Bay of Bengal. The partition of India in 1947 led to the creation of India and Pakistan due to religious differences. Kalinga, an ancient kingdom, is not the same as Bengal.
Explanation: To understand the context of this question, we need to delve into the geography and history of India.
1. **Indus River**: The Indus River is one of the major rivers in South Asia, originating in the Tibetan Plateau and flowing through the northern part of India and Pakistan. It eventually empties into the Arabian Sea, not the Bay of Bengal. The Bay of Bengal is located on the eastern coast of India, while the Indus River is in the northwestern part of the subcontinent. This geographical fact makes the first statement incorrect.
2. **Partition of India**: The partition of India in 1947 was a significant historical event that led to the creation of two separate nations: India and Pakistan. This partition was primarily due to religious differences between the Hindu and Muslim populations. The British colonial government decided to divide the subcontinent into two dominions, with India being predominantly Hindu and Pakistan being predominantly Muslim. This event is a well-documented and crucial part of Indian history, making the second statement correct.
3. **Ancient Kalinga**: Kalinga was an ancient kingdom located in the eastern part of India, corresponding to the modern-day states of Odisha and parts of West Bengal and Jharkhand. It was known for its rich cultural and historical heritage, including the famous Kalinga War fought by Emperor Ashoka. However, Kalinga was not the ancient name of Bengal. Bengal, on the other hand, has its own distinct history and was never referred to as Kalinga. This makes the third statement incorrect.
In summary, the correct answer is (A) Only 2, as the second statement is the only true statement among the given options. Understanding the geographical and historical context is crucial to answering such questions accurately.