Explanation: Meghalaya, a state in northeastern India, is renowned for its high rainfall, earning it the nickname "Scotland of the East." The state's topography, with its mountainous terrain and proximity to the Bay of Bengal, contributes to its heavy rainfall. Two villages in particular, Cherrapunji and Mawsynram, are globally recognized for their exceptional rainfall.
Cherrapunji, located in the East Khasi Hills district, holds the world record for the highest rainfall in a single calendar month and the highest average annual rainfall over a period of 39 years. In 1861, Cherrapunji recorded an astounding 9,300 mm of rainfall in a single year, which is one of the highest recorded amounts of rainfall in a single year anywhere in the world.
Mawsynram, situated in the East Khasi Hills district as well, has been recorded as having the highest average annual rainfall in the world, with an average of about 11,871 mm of rainfall per year. This makes Mawsynram the village with the highest average annual rainfall globally.
The rainfall in these villages is primarily due to the monsoon winds that bring moisture from the Bay of Bengal. The Khasi Hills, where these villages are located, act as a barrier, causing the moisture-laden winds to rise and cool, leading to heavy precipitation.
It is important to note that while Cherrapunji and Mawsynram are the top two villages in terms of rainfall, other villages in Meghalaya also receive significant amounts of rainfall. However, for the purpose of this question, Cherrapunji and Mawsynram are the correct answers as they represent the top two positions in terms of rainfall.
Gangtok, mentioned in one of the options, is not relevant to this question as it is the capital city of Sikkim, a different state in northeastern India. This option is included to test the student's geographical knowledge and to ensure that they are aware of the specific locations of these high-rainfall villages.
In conclusion, the correct answer is (D) Only (A) & (B), as Cherrapunji and Mawsynram are the two villages in Meghalaya that receive the largest amount of rainfall in a year, making them the top two positions in terms of rainfall globally.