Explanations:The Khilafat Movement was a significant religious and political movement in India during the early 20th century. It was established in Bombay (now Mumbai) in 1919 and aimed to protect the Ottoman Caliphate and the Islamic holy sites in the aftermath of World War I. The movement was closely associated with the Indian National Congress and played a crucial role in the Indian independence struggle.
The Khilafat Movement was initiated by Muslim leaders in India who were concerned about the fate of the Ottoman Caliphate, which was the spiritual and political center of the Islamic world. The movement sought to protect the Caliphate and the Islamic holy sites, which were under threat following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I. The movement was also a response to the British government's decision to dismantle the Ottoman Caliphate and divide the Ottoman territories among the Allied powers.
The Khilafat Movement was established in Bombay in 1919, and it quickly gained support from both Muslim and non-Muslim communities in India. The movement was led by prominent Muslim leaders such as Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar and his brother Maulana Shaukat Ali, who were based in Bombay. The movement was also supported by the Indian National Congress, which saw the Khilafat Movement as an opportunity to unite Muslims and Hindus in the struggle against British colonial rule.
The Khilafat Movement played a significant role in the Indian independence struggle, as it helped to mobilize the Muslim community and bring them into the fold of the Indian National Congress. The movement also contributed to the growth of the non-cooperation movement, which was led by Mahatma Gandhi and aimed to achieve Indian independence through non-violent means. The Khilafat Movement was a crucial part of the Indian nationalist movement and played a significant role in shaping the course of Indian history.
It is important to note that while the Khilafat Movement was established in Bombay, other cities such as Madras, Nagpur, and Lahore were also significant in the context of Indian nationalist movements. However, the specific question of where the Khilafat Movement was established is answered by identifying Bombay as the correct location.