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When India became independent, what factor determined where people would live in the new states that were created?

Category: Miscellaneous Indian Gk

Correct Answer: C) Religion.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, SSC, State PSC, CLAT, NDA

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes:

When India gained independence in 1947, the country was partitioned into two separate nations: India and Pakistan. The primary factor that influenced where people would live in the newly formed states was religion. This was due to the communal tensions and the desire to create states based on religious majority.

Common Mistakes:

Students may confuse the primary factor with wealth or political connections, which were not the main determinants.
Some might think family ties were the primary factor, but while family ties were important, they were secondary to religious identity.

Explanation:

The partition of India was a complex and tumultuous event that led to the largest mass migration in human history. The decision to partition India was made by the British government, led by Lord Mountbatten, and was based on the idea of creating two separate states: one for the Muslim population (Pakistan) and one for the Hindu and Sikh populations (India). This decision was influenced by the communal tensions that had been building up in the region for decades, particularly between the Hindu and Muslim communities.

The partition led to the displacement of millions of people. Muslims living in India migrated to Pakistan, while Hindus and Sikhs living in Pakistan migrated to India. This mass migration was accompanied by widespread violence and communal riots, resulting in the deaths of hundreds of thousands of people. The partition was a traumatic event for the people of India and Pakistan, and its effects are still felt today.

The creation of states based on religious demographics was a significant factor in the partition. The idea was to create states where the majority population would be of a particular religion, thereby reducing communal tensions. However, this approach also led to the displacement of millions of people who were forced to leave their homes and migrate to the new states based on their religious identity.

In conclusion, religion was the primary factor determining where people would live in the new states created after India's independence. The partition was based on religious demographics, and the creation of states was influenced by the desire to separate religious communities. This led to large-scale migrations based on religious identity, which had a profound impact on the social and political landscape of the region.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect. Wealth was not the primary factor determining where people would live in the new states. While wealth could influence some decisions, the main factor was religion, as the partition was largely based on religious demographics.
Option B: This option is incorrect. Political connections were not the primary factor determining where people would live in the new states. The partition was based on religious demographics, and the creation of states was influenced by the desire to separate religious communities.
Option C: This option is correct. Religion was the primary factor determining where people would live in the new states. The partition of India was based on religious demographics, with the creation of Pakistan as a Muslim-majority state and India as a predominantly Hindu-majority state. This led to large-scale migrations based on religious identity.
Option D: This option is incorrect. While family ties were important, they were not the primary factor determining where people would live in the new states. The main factor was religion, as the partition was largely based on religious demographics and the desire to create states with a religious majority.

Mnemonic: R - Religion determined residence

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When India became independent, what factor determined where people would live in the new states that were created?

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