Explanation: Arunachal Pradesh, located in the northeastern part of India, became the 24th state of the country on February 20, 1987. Prior to this, it was known as the North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA) and was administered as a Union Territory. The state is characterized by its diverse topography, including the Himalayan mountain ranges, and is home to numerous ethnic groups and languages.
The process of statehood for Arunachal Pradesh was a significant milestone in the political and administrative history of India. The region had been under the administration of the Government of India since 1951, but it was not until 1987 that it was granted full statehood. This transition was part of a broader trend of granting statehood to various regions in India, particularly in the northeastern part of the country, to address regional aspirations and administrative needs.
Understanding the chronological order of statehood is crucial for students of Indian geography and history. It helps in comprehending the political evolution of the country and the administrative changes that have taken place over the years. For instance, Mizoram, which became the 23rd state of India on February 20, 1987, just a day before Arunachal Pradesh, and Goa, which became the 25th state on May 30, 1987, are often confused with Arunachal Pradesh due to their proximity in time and geographical location.
Moreover, the statehood of Arunachal Pradesh is significant in the context of India's northeastern region, which has a complex history of political and cultural integration. The state shares borders with Bhutan, China, and Myanmar, making it a strategically important region. Its statehood reflects the broader efforts of the Indian government to integrate and develop the northeastern states, which have unique cultural and geographical characteristics.
In summary, Arunachal Pradesh's statehood on February 20, 1987, marks a pivotal moment in the political and administrative history of India, particularly in the northeastern region. Understanding this event and its context is essential for students studying Indian geography and history.