Explanation: The Jagannath Temple in Puri, Odisha, is one of the most significant and revered Hindu temples in India. It is dedicated to Lord Jagannath, a form of Lord Vishnu, and is part of the Char Dham pilgrimage sites. The temple's construction is a testament to the architectural and cultural achievements of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty, which ruled a large part of eastern India during the medieval period.
King Anantavarman Chodaganga Deva, who ruled from 1078 to 1147 CE, initiated the construction of the temple. However, the actual construction began in 1161 CE, during the reign of his successor. This date is crucial as it marks the beginning of a monumental architectural project that would take several decades to complete.
The temple's construction is not only significant for its religious importance but also for its architectural style, which is a blend of Kalinga and Nagara styles. The temple complex includes several structures, such as the main temple, the kitchen, and the dining hall, all of which are designed to serve the daily rituals and the annual Rath Yatra festival.
Understanding the historical context of the Jagannath Temple's construction is essential for students of Odisha's history and culture. The temple's construction in 1161 CE is a pivotal event that reflects the cultural and religious practices of the time. It also highlights the patronage of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty towards religious and cultural endeavors, which played a significant role in shaping the cultural landscape of Odisha.
In summary, the correct answer is 1161 CE, as this is the year when the construction of the Jagannath Temple in Puri began. This date is well-documented and is a crucial part of Odisha's historical and cultural heritage.