Explanations:The Aravali Range is a significant geographical feature that runs through the state of Rajasthan, India. It is one of the oldest mountain ranges in the world, formed approximately 1.8 billion years ago. The Aravali Range extends from the northwest to the southeast, dividing Rajasthan into two distinct regions: the fertile and well-watered region to the east and the arid desert region to the west.
The eastern part of Rajasthan, which lies to the east of the Aravali Range, is characterized by fertile plains and a relatively higher rainfall. This region includes cities such as Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan, and Ajmer. The western part of Rajasthan, which lies to the west of the Aravali Range, is predominantly arid and includes the Thar Desert, also known as the Great Indian Desert. This region is characterized by its dry climate and sparse vegetation.
The Aravali Range not only divides the state geographically but also influences the climate and ecology of the two regions. The eastern side of the range receives more rainfall due to the orographic effect, where the mountains cause moisture-laden winds to rise, cool, and condense, leading to precipitation. This results in a more fertile and agriculturally productive region. In contrast, the western side of the range receives less rainfall, leading to a more arid and desert-like environment.
Understanding the geographical significance of the Aravali Range is crucial for comprehending the regional differences within Rajasthan. The range plays a vital role in the state's ecology, economy, and cultural landscape. It is home to various flora and fauna, including several endemic species, and is an important source of minerals and building materials.
Other mountain ranges mentioned in the options, such as Kanchenjunga, Mount Everest, and Annapurna, are located in the Himalayas and are not related to the geographical division of Rajasthan. These ranges are significant in their own right but do not play a role in the division of Rajasthan into two distinct regions.