Explanations:The Pink City, Jaipur, is a significant historical and cultural landmark in the state of Rajasthan, India. The city was founded in 1727 by Sawai Jai Singh II, who was the ruler of the Kachwaha Rajput clan. Sawai Jai Singh II was a notable figure in the history of Rajasthan, known for his contributions to the development of the region and his interest in astronomy and architecture.
Sawai Jai Singh II was a visionary ruler who planned Jaipur based on the principles of Vedic architecture. The city was designed to be a well-planned urban center with wide streets, grand palaces, and beautiful gardens. The city's layout was influenced by the principles of Vastu Shastra, an ancient Indian system of architecture and design that aims to create harmony between humans and their environment.
Jaipur was originally known as the "City of Victory" and was later referred to as the "Pink City" due to the pink color of the buildings that were painted during the visit of the Prince of Wales in 1876. The city's name, however, was established by Sawai Jai Singh II when he founded it in 1727. He chose the name Jaipur, which means "City of Victory," to symbolize the triumph of his rule and the prosperity of his kingdom.
It is important to note that Sawai Jai Singh II was not only a ruler but also a scholar and an astronomer. He built several observatories, including the Jantar Mantar in Jaipur, which is a UNESCO World Heritage site. His contributions to the city of Jaipur and the state of Rajasthan have made him a significant figure in Indian history.
Other rulers mentioned in the options, such as Mathu Singh First and Sawai Ram Singh Second, were not involved in the founding of Jaipur. Mathu Singh First is not a well-known historical figure associated with the city, and Sawai Ram Singh Second was a later ruler who did not play a role in the city's establishment. Therefore, the correct answer is Sawai Jai Singh II, who is credited with founding and naming Jaipur.