Explanation: Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese explorer who made a significant voyage in 1498, marking a pivotal moment in the Age of Discovery. His journey was aimed at finding a sea route to India, which would allow for direct trade with the lucrative spice markets of the East, bypassing the overland Silk Road routes controlled by the Ottoman Empire and other intermediaries.
The voyage began in Lisbon, Portugal, and after navigating around the Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa, da Gama and his crew sailed up the eastern coast of Africa, stopping at various ports to gather information and supplies. They eventually reached the Indian subcontinent, landing first in Calicut (now known as Kozhikode) in the southwestern part of India. This was a significant achievement as it was the first time a European explorer had reached India by sea.
After establishing contact with the local rulers in Calicut, da Gama continued his journey and also visited Goa, another important port city on the western coast of India. Goa would later become a significant Portuguese colony and trading post.
The historical significance of this voyage lies in its impact on global trade and the subsequent colonization of India by European powers. It opened up new trade routes and led to the establishment of European colonies in India, which would have far-reaching consequences for the region's political, economic, and social landscape.
Understanding the geographical context is crucial here. India is a large country located in South Asia, bordered by the Arabian Sea to the west and the Bay of Bengal to the east. The cities of Calicut and Goa are both located on the western coast of India, making them key points for maritime trade and exploration.
In summary, the correct answer is India because Vasco da Gama's voyage in 1498 led him to land in Calicut and Goa, both of which are located in present-day India. This voyage was a significant milestone in the history of exploration and trade, marking the beginning of direct European contact with India by sea.