Explanations:Meghalaya, one of the northeastern states of India, achieved full statehood on 21st January 1972. Prior to this, it was part of Assam and was known as the United Autonomous State of Meghalaya. The state was formed as a result of the demand for greater autonomy and recognition of the distinct cultural and linguistic identities of the region's indigenous tribes.
The journey to statehood for Meghalaya began in the 1960s when the demand for a separate state was raised by the people of the region. The Assam Reorganisation (Meghalaya) Act, 1969, was passed by the Indian Parliament, which provided for the creation of the United Autonomous State of Meghalaya within the state of Assam. This act was a significant step towards the eventual formation of Meghalaya as a full-fledged state.
On 21st January 1972, the state of Meghalaya was officially formed, marking a significant milestone in the history of the region. The state is known for its rich biodiversity and is home to several indigenous tribes, including the Khasi, Garo, and Jaintia. The state's capital is Shillong, which is also known as the "Scotland of the East" due to its hilly terrain and climate.
Understanding the historical context of Meghalaya's statehood is important for students studying Indian history and geography. It is a part of the broader narrative of the reorganization of states in India, which took place in the decades following independence. The date 21st January 1972 is a key date to remember for those preparing for competitive examinations such as the UPSC, SSC, and state PSCs, where questions on the history and geography of Indian states are common.