Explanation: Kolkata, the capital city of West Bengal, is situated on the banks of the Hugli River, which is a significant distributary of the Ganges River. The Hugli River, also known as the Hooghly River, is a major waterway that flows through the city and plays a crucial role in the economic and historical development of Kolkata.
The Ganges River, one of the most important rivers in India, splits into several distributaries as it approaches the Bay of Bengal. One of these distributaries is the Hugli River, which flows through the northern part of West Bengal and forms the eastern boundary of Kolkata. The river is approximately 260 kilometers long and is an essential part of the city's geography and economy.
Historically, the Hugli River has been a vital transportation route, facilitating trade and commerce. The river's proximity to Kolkata has made it a significant port city, with the Port of Kolkata being one of the oldest and largest ports in India. The river also supports various industries, including shipbuilding, fishing, and agriculture.
It is important to note that while other rivers like the Kaveri and Padma are significant in their respective regions, they do not flow through Kolkata. The Kaveri River is located in the southern states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, while the Padma River is a major river in Bangladesh. Therefore, the Hugli River is the correct answer as it is the river that flows through Kolkata.
Understanding the geographical context of Kolkata and its relationship with the Hugli River is essential for comprehending the city's historical and economic significance. The river's role in shaping the city's development and its continued importance in modern times make it a key element in the study of West Bengal's geography and urban development.