Explanation: The partition of Bengal in 1905 was a significant event in the history of India, particularly in the context of the Indian freedom struggle. The British government, under Lord Curzon, decided to partition Bengal into two provinces: East Bengal and Assam, and West Bengal. This decision was met with widespread protests and resistance from the Indian population, especially in the eastern part of Bengal and in other parts of India, including Andhra Pradesh.
The slogan "Vande Mataram" played a crucial role during this period. The phrase translates to "I bow to thee, Mother," and it was originally a poem written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in his novel "Anandamath" in 1882. The poem was later adopted as a song and became a powerful symbol of the Indian nationalist movement. It was used to express the people's love for their motherland and their determination to fight against British colonial rule.
In Andhra Pradesh, as in other parts of India, "Vande Mataram" was chanted during protests, rallies, and other forms of civil disobedience. It became a unifying force, bringing together people from different regions and communities under a common cause. The slogan was not just a call for unity but also a declaration of defiance against the British government's policies.
The other options provided do not fit the historical context of the partition of Bengal. "Jai Jawan jai kisan" is a slogan associated with the Indian Army and farmers, which gained prominence much later in the 1970s. "Live and Let Live" is a phrase promoting tolerance and coexistence, but it does not capture the nationalistic fervor and resistance that characterized the partition of Bengal. "Do or die" is a slogan associated with the Quit India Movement in 1942, which came decades after the partition of Bengal.
In conclusion, "Vande Mataram" was the slogan that was widely used in Andhra Pradesh during the partition of Bengal, reflecting the people's unity and resistance against British rule. It remains an important symbol of the Indian freedom struggle and continues to be a source of inspiration for many.