Explanation: Population density is a critical demographic measure that indicates the number of people living in a given area, typically expressed as the number of people per square kilometer. This measure is essential for understanding the distribution of the population across different regions and can provide insights into urbanization, resource allocation, and infrastructure needs.
In the context of the 2011 Census of India, the national average population density was calculated by dividing the total population of India by the total land area of the country. The national average population density for India in 2011 was approximately 382 people per square kilometer.
Maharashtra, being one of the largest states in India in terms of population, has a significant number of people. However, its population density is lower than the national average. This is because Maharashtra has a large land area, which spreads its population over a wider region, resulting in a lower density compared to the national average.
The population density of Maharashtra in 2011 was approximately 365 people per square kilometer. This figure is lower than the national average of 382 people per square kilometer. The lower density in Maharashtra can be attributed to several factors, including the presence of large rural areas, extensive forest cover, and significant urban-rural population distribution.
Understanding the population density of a state like Maharashtra relative to the national average is crucial for policymakers, urban planners, and researchers. It helps in planning infrastructure, healthcare facilities, and educational institutions, as well as in addressing issues related to urbanization and rural development.
In summary, the population density of Maharashtra, as per the 2011 Census, is lower than the national average, making option B the correct answer. This understanding is essential for comprehending the demographic landscape of the state and its implications for various socio-economic policies and planning.