Explanations:Organic farming is a method of crop cultivation that avoids the use of synthetic chemicals and relies on natural inputs and methods to maintain soil fertility and control pests. In India, the National Programme for Organic Production (NPOP) is the primary regulatory framework that sets standards for organic certification. The Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) plays a crucial role in implementing NPOP and ensuring that organic products meet the required standards.
Sikkim, a state in northeastern India, has made significant strides in organic farming. In 2016, Sikkim became the first fully organic state in India, achieving this status through a combination of government policies and community participation. The state government banned the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, and farmers were encouraged to adopt organic practices. This initiative not only improved the quality of agricultural produce but also had positive environmental impacts, such as reducing soil and water pollution.
The Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) is a statutory body under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India. APEDA functions as the Secretariat for the implementation of NPOP, which includes setting standards, certification, and accreditation of organic products. APEDA works closely with various stakeholders, including farmers, processors, and exporters, to ensure that organic products meet the required standards and are eligible for certification.
Understanding the roles of different entities in organic farming is crucial for comprehending the regulatory framework and the achievements of states like Sikkim. The correct answer to the question is that both statements A and B are correct, making option D the right choice. This reflects the significant progress made in organic farming in Sikkim and the role of APEDA in implementing NPOP.