Explanations:The time lag of two hours between Gujarat and Arunachal Pradesh is a result of the longitudinal span of India. India extends from approximately 68°E to 97°E longitude, covering a significant portion of the Earth's surface. As the Earth rotates on its axis, different longitudes experience daylight at different times. This rotation causes the time difference between the eastern and western parts of the country.
Time zones are established to standardize time across regions. In India, the time difference is calculated based on the longitudinal extent of the country. The time difference between two longitudes is determined by the number of degrees of longitude between them. Since the Earth rotates 360 degrees in 24 hours, each degree of longitude corresponds to a time difference of 4 minutes. Therefore, the longitudinal span of India results in a time difference of approximately two hours between the easternmost and westernmost parts of the country.
It is important to note that the time difference is not influenced by the north-south extent of the country, the proximity to oceans, or the overall size of the landmass. These factors do not affect the rotation of the Earth or the way time zones are established. The time difference is solely based on the longitudinal span of the country, which is why the correct answer is "Because of India's east-west extent."