📚 Part of: Indian Geography And Culture Mcq Quiz

Who is known as Shahid-e-azam?

Category: Miscellaneous Indian Gk

Correct Answer: A) Bhagat Singh.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, SSC, State PSC, NDA, CDS

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes:

Bhagat Singh, a prominent figure in the Indian independence movement, is known as "Shahid-e-Azam" or "The Great Martyr." He was a revolutionary socialist who played a crucial role in the fight against British colonial rule. His contributions include the bombing of the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi and his involvement in the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA).

Common Mistakes:
  • Confusing Bhagat Singh with other revolutionary figures like Udham Singh or Subhash Chandra Bose.
  • Misunderstanding the significance of the title "Shahid-e-Azam" and its association with Bhagat Singh.
  • Not recognizing the specific actions and contributions of Bhagat Singh that earned him this title.
Explanation:

Bhagat Singh, a pivotal figure in the Indian independence movement, is widely recognized as "Shahid-e-Azam," which translates to "The Great Martyr." This title is a testament to his significant contributions and sacrifices in the struggle against British colonial rule.

Bhagat Singh was born in 1907 in Punjab and became involved in revolutionary activities from a young age. He was deeply influenced by the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre and the subsequent death of Lala Lajpat Rai, which further fueled his resolve to fight for India's independence. He was a member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), a revolutionary organization that aimed to overthrow British rule through armed struggle.

One of Bhagat Singh's most notable acts was the bombing of the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi in 1929. This act was not intended to cause harm but to draw attention to the cause of Indian independence. He and his comrades, Batukeshwar Dutt, threw bombs in the Assembly and then surrendered voluntarily, shouting slogans of "Inquilab Zindabad" (Long Live the Revolution).

Bhagat Singh was also involved in the assassination of John Saunders, a British police officer, in retaliation for the death of Lala Lajpat Rai. He was subsequently arrested and tried for the assassination. During his trial, he used the platform to voice his political beliefs and the need for a socialist revolution in India.

Bhagat Singh was sentenced to death and was hanged on March 23, 1931, at the age of 23. His martyrdom at such a young age and his unwavering commitment to the cause of Indian independence have made him a revered figure in Indian history. His legacy continues to inspire generations of Indians, and he is remembered as a symbol of courage and sacrifice in the fight for freedom.

The title "Shahid-e-Azam" is a reflection of Bhagat Singh's immense contributions and the respect he commands in Indian history. It distinguishes him from other revolutionary figures like Lala Lajpat Rai, Udham Singh, and Subhash Chandra Bose, who, while also significant in the independence movement, are not associated with this specific title.

Understanding the historical context and the specific actions of Bhagat Singh helps in comprehending why he is known as "Shahid-e-Azam." His role in the Indian independence movement, his revolutionary activities, and his ultimate sacrifice have cemented his place in Indian history as a great martyr.

Option Analysis:
  • Option A: This option is correct. Bhagat Singh is known as "Shahid-e-Azam" due to his significant contributions to the Indian independence movement. He was a revolutionary socialist who was involved in several acts of defiance against British rule, including the bombing of the Central Legislative Assembly and the assassination of John Saunders. His martyrdom at a young age and his dedication to the cause of Indian independence have made him a revered figure in Indian history.
  • Option B: This option is incorrect. Lala Lajpat Rai was a prominent Indian nationalist and a leader in the Indian independence movement. He was known for his role in the Swadeshi movement and his efforts to promote Indian nationalism. However, he is not known as "Shahid-e-Azam." The title "Shahid-e-Azam" is specifically associated with Bhagat Singh.
  • Option C: This option is incorrect. Udham Singh was a revolutionary who assassinated Michael O'Dwyer, the former Lieutenant Governor of Punjab, in London in 1940. He is known for his role in the Indian independence movement, but he is not referred to as "Shahid-e-Azam." This title is reserved for Bhagat Singh.
  • Option D: This option is incorrect. Subhash Chandra Bose was a significant figure in the Indian independence movement and is known for his role in forming the Indian National Army (INA). He is often referred to as "Netaji," but he is not known as "Shahid-e-Azam." This title is specifically associated with Bhagat Singh.

Mnemonic: Bhagat Singh is often remembered as the "Lion of Punjab" and "Shahid-e-Azam" for his significant role in the Indian independence movement.

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