Explanation: The Constitution of India is a foundational document that outlines the framework of the Indian government and the rights and duties of its citizens. It was adopted on 26th November 1949 and came into effect on 26th January 1950, which is celebrated as Republic Day in India. The Constitution is the longest written constitution in the world, with 448 articles, 12 schedules, and 118 amendments.
The drafting of the Constitution was a monumental task, and it was led by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, who chaired the drafting committee. The committee consisted of 30 members, including Dr. Ambedkar, and they worked tirelessly to draft a document that would serve as the foundation for a democratic India. The Constitution was based on the principles of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity, and it aimed to establish a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic.
While Dr. Ambedkar played a pivotal role in the drafting of the Constitution, the actual handwriting of the document was done by Prem Bihari Naraian Raizada. Raizada was a calligrapher who was chosen for this task due to his exceptional skills in calligraphy. He used a flowing italic style and took about six months to complete the task. The original Constitution, written in both Hindi and English, is preserved in a special helium-filled case in the Library of the Parliament of India.
It is important to note that the Constitution was handwritten to ensure its authenticity and to give it a unique and prestigious status. The handwritten version is not just a document but a piece of art that reflects the dedication and craftsmanship of the people involved in its creation. The misconception that Dr. Ambedkar handwrote the Constitution might arise due to his significant role in its drafting, but it is Prem Bihari Naraian Raizada who deserves the credit for the calligraphy of the original document.
Understanding the history and the people behind the Constitution of India is crucial for anyone studying Indian governance and history. It highlights the collaborative effort and the meticulous attention to detail that went into creating a document that has stood the test of time and continues to guide the nation.