Explanations:The Delhi Sultanate was a significant period in Indian history, marked by the rule of various dynasties, including the Slave Dynasty, Khalji Dynasty, Tughlaq Dynasty, and others. The Slave Dynasty, which was the first of these dynasties, was founded by Qutb-ud-din Aibak, who was originally a slave of Muhammad Ghori.
Muhammad Ghori, also known as Muhammad of Ghor, was a ruler of the Ghurid Empire and a prominent figure in the invasion and conquest of parts of northern India. He was known for his military campaigns and the establishment of a vast empire that included parts of present-day Afghanistan, Iran, and India. During his campaigns, Ghori captured and purchased many slaves, including Qutb-ud-din Aibak.
Qutb-ud-din Aibak, originally from Turkistan, was purchased by Ghori and brought to India. Ghori recognized Aibak's abilities and appointed him to various important positions, including the governorship of his Indian territories. After Ghori's death in 1206, Aibak took control of the Indian territories and became the first Sultan of Delhi, founding the Slave Dynasty.
It is important to distinguish between the historical figures mentioned in the options. Muhammad Ghazni, for instance, was a ruler of the Ghaznavid Empire and was active much earlier than Ghori. He is known for his invasions of India, but he did not purchase Qutb-ud-din Aibak. Malik Kafur, on the other hand, was a general in the Delhi Sultanate under Alauddin Khilji, who ruled much later than Aibak. Ghiyas-ud-din was the founder of the Khalji dynasty, which succeeded the Slave Dynasty, and he was not involved in the purchase of Aibak.
Understanding the historical context and the roles of these figures is crucial for correctly identifying the person who purchased Qutb-ud-din Aibak. The correct answer is Muhammad Ghori, who recognized Aibak's potential and eventually appointed him to positions of power, leading to Aibak's establishment of the Slave Dynasty.