Explanation: Rajasthan, located in the northwestern part of India, is known for its arid and semi-arid climate, which is characterized by scanty rainfall. The state's average annual rainfall is less than 600 mm, making it one of the driest regions in India. This low rainfall is primarily due to the geographical and climatic conditions specific to Rajasthan.
The Aravalli Range, which runs through the state, plays a significant role in determining the rainfall pattern. The Aravalli Range acts as a rain shadow, blocking the monsoon winds that bring rain to the eastern and southern parts of India. As a result, the western and northwestern parts of Rajasthan receive very little rainfall, leading to a desert-like climate in these regions.
In contrast, other states like Kerala, Meghalaya, and Goa receive heavy rainfall due to their geographical locations and climatic conditions. Kerala, located on the southwestern coast of India, receives heavy rainfall, especially during the monsoon season, with an average annual rainfall of over 3000 mm. Meghalaya, particularly the town of Mawsynram, is known for receiving the highest rainfall in the world, with an average annual rainfall of over 11,000 mm. Goa, located on the western coast of India, receives moderate to heavy rainfall, especially during the monsoon season, with an average annual rainfall of around 3200 mm.
Understanding the rainfall patterns in different states of India is crucial for comprehending the geographical and climatic diversity of the country. The variation in rainfall is influenced by factors such as the location of the state, the presence of mountain ranges, and the impact of monsoon winds. This knowledge is essential for students preparing for competitive exams on Indian geography and for anyone interested in understanding the climatic conditions of different regions in India.