Explanations:The introduction of India's first city sewage surveillance system is a significant milestone in environmental management and public health. This system was pioneered by the state of Karnataka, which has been at the forefront of implementing innovative solutions to address environmental challenges.
The sewage surveillance system is designed to monitor and manage sewage effectively, ensuring that waste is treated and disposed of in a manner that minimizes environmental impact and protects public health. This initiative is part of Karnataka's broader efforts to improve urban infrastructure and environmental sustainability.
Understanding the context of this question requires knowledge of the environmental initiatives taken by various Indian states. Karnataka's sewage surveillance system is a notable example of how states are taking proactive measures to address environmental issues. This system helps in tracking the quality of sewage, identifying sources of contamination, and ensuring that treatment facilities are functioning efficiently.
Other states like Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Uttar Pradesh have also implemented various environmental projects, but the specific initiative of introducing a city sewage surveillance system was taken by Karnataka. This makes Karnataka the correct answer to the question.
It is important for students to stay updated with such initiatives as they reflect the state's commitment to environmental sustainability and public health. This knowledge is particularly relevant for competitive exams where questions on state-specific initiatives and environmental management are common.