Explanation: Sikkim's journey to becoming a part of India is a significant event in the history of the northeastern states. Prior to 1975, Sikkim was a protectorate under the British and later under India. This means that while Sikkim had its own monarchy and some degree of autonomy, it was under the protection and influence of the British and later the Indian government.
In 1974, a referendum was held in Sikkim to decide whether it should become a part of India. The referendum was a crucial step in the process of Sikkim's integration into the Indian Union. The majority of the Sikkimese people voted in favor of joining India, and on May 16, 1975, Sikkim officially became the 22nd state of India. This event marked the end of Sikkim's status as a protectorate and the beginning of its new identity as an Indian state.
It is important to understand the historical context of Sikkim's merger with India. The region had a unique political status for many years, and the decision to become a part of India was a result of both internal and external factors. The referendum was a democratic process that allowed the people of Sikkim to express their will, and the outcome was a significant moment in the history of the region.
In contrast, other northeastern states like Manipur and Tripura had already become part of India in 1949, and Goa was annexed by India in 1961. These events are distinct from Sikkim's merger in 1975, which is why Sikkim is the correct answer to the question.
Understanding the historical timeline and the specific events that led to Sikkim's statehood is crucial for comprehending the political geography of India, especially in the northeastern region. This knowledge is essential for students preparing for competitive examinations such as the UPSC and state PSCs, where questions on Indian history and geography are common.