Explanations:The Kamarupa kingdom, located in the northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent, was an important political entity during the ancient period. It was contemporaneous with the Gupta Empire, which was a significant power in northern India during the 4th to 6th centuries CE. The Gupta Empire, under the rule of Samudra Gupta, was particularly influential and expansive during the early 4th century CE.
Samudra Gupta, a prominent ruler of the Gupta Empire, is known for his military campaigns and his patronage of the arts and learning. He is often referred to as the "Napoleon of India" due to his extensive conquests and the vast territory he brought under Gupta control. His reign is well-documented through inscriptions and coins, providing a clear timeline for his rule.
During the same period, the Kamarupa kingdom was ruled by Pushya Varman. Pushya Varman is considered the founder of the Kamarupa kingdom and is known for his efforts in consolidating the region and establishing a strong administrative system. He is also credited with the construction of several temples and the promotion of Hinduism in the region.
The historical timeline of both rulers aligns, making Pushya Varman the correct contemporary of Samudra Gupta. This is important for understanding the political and cultural landscape of ancient India, as it highlights the interactions and influences between different kingdoms and empires during this period.
It is crucial to note that the other rulers mentioned in the options, such as Bhaskar Varman, Mahendra Varman, and Ganapati Varman, were either not well-documented or were active in different periods, making them incorrect choices for being contemporaries of Samudra Gupta. Bhaskar Varman, for instance, was a later ruler of Kamarupa, active in the 7th century CE, long after the time of Samudra Gupta.
Understanding the historical context and timelines of ancient Indian rulers is essential for comprehending the political and cultural dynamics of the period. This knowledge helps in placing various events and developments in their correct chronological order, providing a more accurate and nuanced understanding of ancient Indian history.