Explanation: Sanjay Gandhi National Park, formerly known as Borivali National Park, is a significant urban national park located within the city limits of Mumbai, Maharashtra. Established in 1974, it is one of the largest national parks in India that is situated within a city. The park covers an area of approximately 104 square kilometers and is a crucial habitat for a variety of flora and fauna.
The park is home to a diverse range of wildlife, including leopards, which are a notable feature of the park. It also houses a variety of other animals such as Indian giant squirrels, bonnet macaques, and a wide array of bird species. The park's ecosystem includes dense forests, grasslands, and water bodies, which support a rich biodiversity.
Sanjay Gandhi National Park is not only a conservation area but also a popular recreational spot for the residents of Mumbai. It offers various facilities such as walking trails, watchtowers, and a zoo. The park plays a vital role in preserving the natural environment within the urban setting of Mumbai, providing a green lung for the city and a sanctuary for wildlife.
In contrast, the other options listed do not fit the criteria of being located within the city limits of Mumbai. Rajiv Gandhi National Park is located in Uttarakhand, Jawaharlal Nehru Park is a smaller public park in Mumbai but not a national park, and Gugamal National Park is located in a different part of Maharashtra, not within Mumbai.
Understanding the location and significance of Sanjay Gandhi National Park is crucial for anyone studying the geography and conservation efforts of Maharashtra, particularly in the context of urban national parks. It serves as a prime example of how large protected areas can coexist within a bustling metropolis, offering both ecological and recreational benefits to the city and its inhabitants.