Explanations:The Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) is a comprehensive strategy designed to address air pollution in Delhi, particularly during periods of severe pollution. The plan is implemented by the Government of India and includes a series of measures that are activated based on the severity of air pollution levels. These measures are designed to mitigate the sources of pollution and improve air quality in the city.
One of the key measures under GRAP is the closure of thermal power plants, such as the Badarpur plant. This measure aims to reduce the emission of pollutants from industrial sources, which are significant contributors to air pollution in Delhi. The Badarpur plant, being a major source of pollution, was identified as a target for closure to improve air quality.
Another measure introduced by GRAP is the ban on pet coke as a fuel in Delhi. Pet coke, or petroleum coke, is a byproduct of oil refining and is often used as a fuel in industries. However, it is a highly polluting fuel, and its use contributes significantly to air pollution. The ban on pet coke is intended to reduce the emission of particulate matter and other pollutants from industrial activities.
GRAP also includes measures related to fuel standards. For instance, the plan mandates the introduction of BS-I (Bharat Stage I) fuel standards in Delhi before the deadline. This measure aims to reduce the emission of pollutants from vehicles by enforcing stricter fuel quality standards. BS-I fuel standards are designed to reduce the sulfur content in fuel, which in turn reduces the emission of sulfur dioxide and other pollutants from vehicles.
While reducing road dust pollution is an important aspect of air quality management, it is not a direct measure introduced by GRAP. Road dust is a significant source of particulate matter in urban areas, and its reduction can be achieved through various measures such as road sweeping, water sprinkling, and better road maintenance. However, these measures are not specifically listed as part of the GRAP plan.
It is important to understand the specific measures introduced by GRAP to address air pollution in Delhi. These measures are designed to target the major sources of pollution and improve air quality during periods of severe pollution. By understanding the measures introduced by GRAP, one can better appreciate the efforts made by the government to combat air pollution in the city.