Explanation: The Mughal Empire, which flourished from the 16th to the 19th century, was a vast and powerful empire that ruled over much of the Indian subcontinent. The empire was divided into several administrative units known as subahs, which were essentially provinces. These subahs were crucial for the effective governance of the empire, as they allowed the central administration to manage the diverse regions under its control.
Awadh and Bengal were two of the most significant subahs within the Mughal Empire. Awadh, located in the northern part of India, was known for its rich cultural heritage and economic prosperity. It was a center for arts, literature, and trade, and its rulers were often granted a high degree of autonomy by the Mughal emperors. The region was also strategically important due to its fertile lands and its role in the textile industry.
Bengal, situated in the eastern part of the subcontinent, was another crucial province. It was renowned for its agricultural wealth, particularly in rice cultivation, and its extensive trade networks. The region was a major producer of textiles, especially cotton and silk, and was a key player in the global trade of the time. The economic importance of Bengal made it a vital part of the Mughal Empire's revenue and trade.
Amber, on the other hand, was not a Mughal province. It was the capital of the Kachwaha Rajputs, a powerful princely state that was eventually integrated into the Mughal Empire. The Kachwahas were known for their alliance with the Mughals, and their capital, Amber, became a significant center of art and architecture under the patronage of the Mughal emperors. However, it was not an administrative division of the Mughal Empire in the same way that Awadh and Bengal were.
In summary, the correct answer is (D) Only (A) & (B), as Awadh and Bengal were indeed Mughal provinces, while Amber was not. Understanding the administrative divisions of the Mughal Empire is crucial for comprehending the political and economic landscape of the time, as well as the roles of different regions within the empire.