Explanation: Iltutmish, who ruled from 1211 to 1236, was a significant figure in the Delhi Sultanate. He introduced several reforms that aimed to strengthen the administrative and economic systems of the Sultanate. One of his most notable measures was the Chalisa, which refers to a system of 40 revenue collectors. These 40 individuals were appointed to collect revenue from the Iqtas, which were land grants given to military officers and nobles in return for their service.
The Chalisa system was designed to improve the efficiency of revenue collection and to reduce corruption. Prior to this system, revenue collection was often inefficient and prone to corruption, as local officials could manipulate the system to their advantage. By appointing 40 revenue collectors, Iltutmish aimed to create a more centralized and controlled system of revenue collection, ensuring that the Sultanate received a more accurate and consistent flow of revenue.
In addition to the Chalisa, Iltutmish also introduced other significant reforms. He standardized the currency by introducing the silver tanka, which helped to stabilize the economy and facilitate trade. He also reorganized the Iqta system, which was a form of land grant given to military officers and nobles. This reorganization helped to ensure that the Iqtas were distributed more fairly and that the revenue from these lands was collected more efficiently.
It is important to note that while Iltutmish did introduce token currency, this is not the measure being referred to in the question. The token currency was a significant economic reform, but it is distinct from the Chalisa, which was an administrative reform focused on revenue collection.
Understanding the Chalisa system and its significance is crucial for comprehending the administrative reforms of Iltutmish and the broader context of the Delhi Sultanate. This system reflects the efforts of Iltutmish to strengthen the Sultanate's administrative and economic structures, which were essential for the stability and growth of the Sultanate during his reign and beyond.