Global MCQ Practice

Part of: Miscellaneous Indian Gk set 298

Which is known as mini constitution?

Category: Miscellaneous Indian Gk

Hint: Consider the significant changes made to the Indian Constitution in the 1970s.

Correct Answer: B) 42nd amendment.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, SSC, Banking Exams, State PSC

Difficulty: Moderate

Explanations:
  • Amendments to the Fundamental Rights: The 42nd Amendment introduced a new clause to Article 31C, which allowed the state to make laws for the implementation of the Directive Principles of State Policy even if they violated the Fundamental Rights. This was a significant shift in the balance between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles.
  • Changes to the Directive Principles of State Policy: The amendment added new Directive Principles, such as the need for a uniform civil code and the promotion of a socialist pattern of society.
  • Alterations to the Preamble: The Preamble to the Constitution was amended to include the terms "Socialist" and "Secular," reflecting the government's commitment to these principles.
  • Changes to the Emergency Provisions: The amendment extended the duration of the President's rule in states and allowed for the suspension of Fundamental Rights during a national emergency.
    • Option Analysis:
    • Option A: Incorrect. The 44th Amendment, enacted in 1978, did not have the same extensive impact on the Constitution as the 42nd Amendment. It primarily dealt with anti-defection laws and other procedural matters.
    • Option B: Correct. The 42nd Amendment, enacted in 1976, is known as the "Mini Constitution" because it made significant changes to the Indian Constitution, including alterations to the Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy.
    • Option C: Incorrect. The 43rd Amendment, enacted in 1977, was primarily aimed at restoring some of the provisions that were altered by the 42nd Amendment, particularly in the context of the Fundamental Rights.
    • Option D: Incorrect. The 46th Amendment, enacted in 1982, dealt with the extension of the term of the Lok Sabha and did not have the same comprehensive impact on the Constitution as the 42nd Amendment.

    Mnemonic: 42-2: Mini Constitution

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