Explanations:Longitude is a geographical coordinate that specifies the east-west position of a point on the Earth's surface. It is measured in degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian, which is an imaginary line that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole and passes through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London. The Prime Meridian is designated as 0° longitude, and all other longitudes are measured in degrees east or west of this line.
When we talk about a city being 80° east of London, we are referring to its longitudinal position relative to the Prime Meridian. This means that the city is located 80° east of the line that runs through Greenwich, London. To determine which city lies at this specific longitude, we need to consider the longitudinal positions of the given cities.
Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, is located at approximately 77° west of the Prime Meridian. This means it is on the opposite side of the Earth from the required position, making it incorrect.
Beijing, the capital of China, is located at approximately 116° east of the Prime Meridian. This is significantly more than 80° east, making it incorrect as it is too far east.
Delhi, the capital of India, is located at approximately 77° east of the Prime Meridian. This is close to 80° east, making it the correct answer as it is the closest to the required longitudinal position.
Jerusalem, a city in Israel, is located at approximately 35° east of the Prime Meridian. This is much less than 80° east, making it incorrect as it is too far west.
Understanding the concept of longitude and the positions of major cities relative to the Prime Meridian is crucial for answering questions like this. It is important to note that the Prime Meridian serves as a reference point for measuring longitudinal positions, and cities are often referenced by their longitudinal positions relative to this meridian.