Explanation: Longitude is a fundamental concept in geography that helps us understand the east-west position of a place on Earth. The Prime Meridian, which passes through Greenwich, London, is the reference point for longitude, and it is designated as 0°. The Earth is divided into 360° of longitude, with 180° to the east and 180° to the west of the Prime Meridian.
In the context of the question, we are asked to identify a city that lies 80° east of London. This means we are looking for a city that is located at approximately 80° east longitude. Among the given options, Delhi is the correct answer because it is located at approximately 77° east of the Prime Meridian, which is very close to 80° east.
To understand why the other options are incorrect, let's examine their longitudes:
- Washington, D.C. is located at approximately 77° west of the Prime Meridian, which is in the opposite direction and not close to 80° east.
- Beijing is located at approximately 116° east of the Prime Meridian, which is significantly more than 80° east.
- Jerusalem is located at approximately 35° east of the Prime Meridian, which is far less than 80° east.
It is important to note that the exact longitude of a city can vary slightly depending on the specific location within the city, but for the purposes of this question, the approximate longitudes are sufficient to determine the correct answer.
Understanding the concept of longitude and its relation to the Prime Meridian is crucial for comprehending geographic coordinates and time zones. This knowledge is essential for various fields, including geography, navigation, and international travel.