Concept notes: The Hooghly River, a distributary of the Ganges, flows through West Bengal and is a significant geographical feature. Kolkata, the capital city of West Bengal, is situated on the banks of this river. Understanding the geographical layout of West Bengal, including its major rivers and cities, is crucial for regional geography.
Explanation: The Hooghly River, also known as the Bhagirathi-Hooghly, is a major distributary of the Ganges River. It forms a significant part of the geography of West Bengal, India. The river originates from the Ganges at the Farakka Barrage and flows through the state, eventually joining the Bay of Bengal. The Hooghly River is not only a geographical feature but also a vital economic and cultural artery for the region.
Kolkata, the capital city of West Bengal, is situated on the eastern banks of the Hooghly River. The city's location on the river has historically been crucial for its development. The river has facilitated trade and commerce, providing a natural harbor and transportation route. The Hooghly River has played a significant role in shaping Kolkata's urban landscape and its historical importance as a major port city.
Understanding the geographical layout of West Bengal, including its major rivers and cities, is essential for comprehending the region's history, economy, and culture. The Hooghly River, with Kolkata on its banks, is a prime example of how natural geographical features can influence urban development and regional significance.
In contrast, the other options provided—Shimla, Chennai, and Thiruvananthapuram—are cities located in different states of India and are not associated with the Hooghly River. Shimla is in Himachal Pradesh, Chennai is in Tamil Nadu, and Thiruvananthapuram is in Kerala. These cities are significant in their own right but do not share the geographical connection with the Hooghly River that Kolkata does.
Thus, the correct answer is Kolkata, as it is the only city among the options that is situated on the banks of the Hooghly River, making it a key geographical and cultural landmark in West Bengal.