Explanations:The partition of Bengal in 1905 was a significant event in the history of British India. The British colonial government, under the Viceroy Lord Curzon, decided to divide the province of Bengal into two separate provinces: East Bengal and Assam, and West Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa. This decision was made with the intention of improving administrative efficiency and addressing the growing political and cultural tensions between the Hindu and Muslim populations in the region.
The province of East Bengal and Assam was created by combining the eastern part of Bengal with the province of Assam. This new province was predominantly Muslim and included the regions of present-day Bangladesh and the northeastern states of India. The other province, West Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa, was predominantly Hindu and included the western part of Bengal, the entire region of Bihar, and the coastal state of Orissa.
The partition of Bengal was a highly controversial decision and led to widespread protests and the Swadeshi movement, which was a significant part of the Indian independence movement. The partition was eventually annulled in 1911, but the event remains a crucial part of Indian history and is often tested in competitive examinations such as the UPSC, SSC, and Bank PO exams.
Understanding the historical context and the specific provinces formed during the partition of Bengal is essential for correctly answering questions related to this event. The correct answer, Option D, accurately reflects the two provinces that were formed: East Bengal and Assam, and West Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa.