Explanations:Goa, a state in India, has a unique history of colonial rule and liberation. Unlike the rest of India, which gained independence from British rule on August 15, 1947, Goa remained under Portuguese colonial control for several more years. The Portuguese had established their presence in Goa in the 16th century and maintained their rule for over 450 years, making it the longest European colonial rule in India.
The process of Goa's liberation began in the early 1950s when India, under the leadership of Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, sought to integrate Goa into the Indian Union. The Portuguese, however, refused to relinquish control over Goa, leading to a prolonged diplomatic and military standoff. The Indian government attempted to negotiate with the Portuguese, but these efforts were unsuccessful.
Finally, in 1961, the Indian government decided to take military action to liberate Goa. This operation, known as Operation Vijay, was launched on December 17, 1961. The Indian Armed Forces, comprising the Indian Army, Indian Navy, and Indian Air Force, swiftly overcame the Portuguese forces. The operation concluded on December 19, 1961, with the liberation of Goa, Daman, and Diu.
Thus, Goa's independence from Portuguese rule is marked on December 19, 1961. This date is significant in Indian history as it represents the final chapter in the country's struggle for complete independence from colonial powers. The liberation of Goa was a crucial event that completed the integration of all territories into the Indian Union, marking the end of colonial rule in India.
It is important to note that the other dates mentioned in the options (1947, 1953, and 1955) are incorrect. 1947 is the year of India's independence from British rule, while 1953 and 1955 are not significant dates in the context of Goa's liberation. The correct date, 1961, is the year when Goa was finally integrated into the Indian Union, ending centuries of Portuguese colonial rule.