Explanation: The Indian National Congress (INC) was a political party founded in 1885 with the primary goal of achieving greater political representation and inclusion for Indians within the British colonial system. The INC was established by A.O. Hume, a retired British civil servant, and other Indian leaders who sought to create a platform for Indians to voice their concerns and demands to the British government.
Initially, the INC's objectives were modest and focused on gaining a greater say in the governance of British India. The party aimed to secure more Indian representation in the legislative councils, civil services, and military. This was in line with the broader goal of integrating Indians into the political, military, and business life of British India. The INC believed that by participating in these spheres, Indians could gradually gain more influence and eventually work towards greater autonomy and self-governance.
Over time, the INC's goals evolved. As the movement for Indian independence gained momentum, the INC shifted its focus from mere inclusion to full independence from British rule. This transformation was marked by the adoption of the "Purna Swaraj" (complete independence) resolution in 1930, which called for the end of British rule in India.
It is important to note that while the INC did support various social reforms, such as the abolition of the caste system and the promotion of women's education, these were secondary to its primary political objectives. The INC's main focus was on achieving political representation and inclusion within the British colonial system, which eventually led to the broader goal of independence.
Understanding the evolution of the INC's goals is crucial for comprehending the broader context of the Indian independence movement. The INC played a pivotal role in mobilizing Indians across different regions and social strata, and its efforts were instrumental in the eventual achievement of Indian independence in 1947.
In summary, the correct answer is (C) To gain Indian inclusion in political, military, and business life of British India. This option accurately reflects the primary goal of the Indian National Congress in its early years, which later evolved into a broader movement for independence.