Explanation: The Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) is a significant national campaign launched by the Government of India on 2 October 2014. The mission's primary goal is to achieve a clean India by 2 October 2019, the 150th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. The mission is a comprehensive program that aims to eliminate open defecation, improve solid and liquid waste management, and promote behavioral change towards cleanliness.
The Swachh Bharat Mission is divided into two sub-missions: Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) for rural areas and Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban) for urban areas. The rural mission focuses on the construction of individual household latrines, community toilets, and solid and liquid waste management systems. The urban mission aims to ensure the availability of a clean and sanitized environment in urban areas by constructing public toilets, promoting the use of individual household latrines, and improving solid waste management.
The mission also emphasizes the importance of behavior change communication (BCC) to encourage people to adopt clean habits and use toilets. This includes awareness campaigns, school education programs, and community participation. The government has also introduced various incentives and subsidies to encourage the construction and use of toilets.
The Swachh Bharat Mission is not just about physical cleanliness but also about improving public health and hygiene. By eliminating open defecation and improving waste management, the mission aims to reduce the incidence of waterborne diseases and improve the overall health of the population.
It is important to note that while the mission has a strong focus on cleanliness, it is not solely an environmental initiative. The Green India mission, for example, is a different initiative focused on increasing the country's forest cover and improving the quality of forests. Similarly, the Smart India mission is aimed at promoting innovation and technology in India.
In conclusion, the primary goal of the Swachh Bharat Mission is to make India clean by eliminating open defecation, improving waste management, and promoting cleanliness. This mission is a crucial step towards improving public health and hygiene in India.