Concept notes: The capital of India, officially known as Bharat, is New Delhi. It is the seat of the Government of India and houses the Parliament, the Supreme Court, and the official residences of the President and Prime Minister. New Delhi is a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi and is distinct from the larger city of Delhi.
Explanation: The capital of India, officially known as Bharat, is New Delhi. This is a fundamental piece of information in Indian geography and politics. New Delhi is not only the capital but also the seat of the central government, where the President, Prime Minister, and other key government officials reside and work. It is the location of important government institutions such as the Parliament House, the Supreme Court, and the Rashtrapati Bhavan (the official residence of the President of India).
It is important to distinguish between New Delhi and the larger city of Delhi. New Delhi is a planned city within the National Capital Territory of Delhi, which was designed by the British architect Edwin Lutyens in the early 20th century. The National Capital Territory of Delhi encompasses New Delhi and several other urban areas, making it a unique administrative entity in India.
The other options provided in the question are major cities in India but are not the capital. Chennai, located in the southern state of Tamil Nadu, is a significant industrial and cultural center. Kolkata, the capital of West Bengal, is known for its rich cultural heritage and is a major economic hub in eastern India. Mumbai, the capital of Maharashtra, is one of the largest and most populous cities in India and is a major financial and commercial center.
Understanding the distinction between the capital of India and other major cities is crucial for students preparing for competitive examinations such as the UPSC, SSC, and other state-level examinations. It is also important for anyone seeking a basic understanding of Indian geography and politics. The capital, New Delhi, plays a central role in the governance and administration of the country, making it a key location in the political landscape of India.