Explanations:A parliament is a fundamental institution in a democratic system of government. It is a legislative body that is responsible for making laws and overseeing the activities of the government. The term "parliament" is derived from the French word "parler," which means "to speak." This reflects the role of the parliament as a forum where representatives of the people can voice their opinions and concerns.
In a democratic system, the parliament is composed of elected representatives who are chosen by the people through a process of voting. These representatives are typically members of political parties, and they are elected to represent the interests of their constituents. The parliament is responsible for making laws that govern the country, and it also has the power to scrutinize the actions of the government and hold it accountable.
The parliament is distinct from other branches of government, such as the executive and the judiciary. The executive branch, which is headed by the Prime Minister or President, is responsible for implementing laws and managing the day-to-day operations of the government. The judiciary, which is composed of judges, is responsible for interpreting laws and ensuring that they are applied fairly.
It is important to understand that the parliament is not a body of appointed members. While some members of the parliament may be appointed, such as in the case of the upper house in some countries, the majority of members are elected. This ensures that the parliament is representative of the people and that the laws it makes reflect the will of the electorate.
In the context of India, the parliament is known as the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. The Lok Sabha is the lower house and is composed of members who are directly elected by the people. The Rajya Sabha is the upper house and is composed of members who are elected by the state legislatures and some who are appointed by the President. Together, these bodies form the legislative branch of the Indian government and are responsible for making laws that govern the country.
Understanding the role and composition of the parliament is crucial for comprehending the functioning of a democratic government. It is a key institution that ensures that the government is accountable to the people and that the laws it makes are reflective of the will of the electorate.