Explanations:The Himalayas, the world's highest mountain range, are divided into three main ranges: the Greater Himalaya (Himadri), the Lesser Himalaya (Himachal), and the Outer Himalaya (Shiwalik). Each of these ranges has distinct characteristics and geographical features.
The Greater Himalaya, also known as Himadri, is the highest range and includes the famous peaks such as Mount Everest, K2, and Kanchenjunga. This range is characterized by its high altitude, snow-capped peaks, and deep valleys. The Greater Himalaya is the most prominent and well-known part of the Himalayan system.
The Lesser Himalaya, or Himachal, lies between the Greater Himalaya and the Outer Himalaya. This range is less elevated than the Greater Himalaya but still significant in terms of its geographical and ecological importance. The Lesser Himalaya includes several sub-ranges such as the Pir Panjal, Dhauladhar, and Mahabharat ranges. These sub-ranges are characterized by their moderate elevation, dense forests, and diverse flora and fauna.
The Outer Himalaya, or Shiwalik, is the lowest range and forms the outermost part of the Himalayan system. This range is characterized by its relatively low elevation, rolling hills, and fertile valleys. The Shiwalik range is important for agriculture and human habitation.
Understanding the classification of the Himalayan ranges is crucial for students of geography and those preparing for competitive examinations. The term "Himachal" specifically refers to the Lesser Himalaya, which is a key part of the Himalayan system and plays a significant role in the region's geography and ecology.