Virashavism movement began in which state and in which century

Category: Karnataka Gk

Hint: Consider the geographical and temporal context of the Virashaiva movement.

Correct Answer: D) Karnataka mid twelfth century.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, SSC, State PSC

Difficulty: Moderate

Explanations:

The Virashaiva movement, also known as Lingayatism, is a significant religious and social reform movement that originated in Karnataka, India, during the mid-12th century. This movement was founded by Basavanna, a 12th-century philosopher, statesman, and social reformer. The Virashaiva movement is part of the broader Bhakti movement, which emphasized personal devotion to a deity over ritualistic practices and social hierarchies.

Basavanna and his contemporaries, such as Allama Prabhu and Akka Mahadevi, were instrumental in spreading the teachings of Virashaivism. The movement challenged the prevailing caste system and advocated for social equality, emphasizing the importance of devotion to Lord Shiva and the use of the linga (a symbol of Shiva) as a means of worship. The linga was worn by followers as a symbol of their devotion and was considered a representation of the divine presence.

The Virashaiva movement began in the mid-12th century, a period of significant cultural and religious transformation in Karnataka. This was a time when various Bhakti movements were emerging across India, each with its own unique characteristics and teachings. The Virashaiva movement, however, was particularly notable for its emphasis on social reform and its rejection of traditional caste distinctions.

The movement's origins in Karnataka are significant because the region has a rich history of religious and cultural diversity. Karnataka was home to various dynasties and kingdoms, including the Chalukyas, Hoysalas, and Vijayanagara Empire, which contributed to the development of a vibrant cultural and religious landscape. The Virashaiva movement emerged during the rule of the Kalachuri dynasty, which provided a conducive environment for social and religious reforms.

Understanding the historical context of the Virashaiva movement is crucial for comprehending its significance in Indian history. The movement not only reshaped religious practices but also had a profound impact on social structures, promoting a more egalitarian society. This movement's emphasis on devotion and social reform continues to influence religious and cultural practices in Karnataka and beyond.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect because the Virashaiva movement did not originate in Kerala. It began in Karnataka, and the 13th century is not the correct time period for its inception.
Option B: This option is incorrect because while the movement did originate in Karnataka, the 13th century is not the correct time period. The movement began in the mid-12th century.
Option C: This option is incorrect because the Virashaiva movement did not originate in Kerala. It began in Karnataka, and the mid-twelfth century is the correct time period for its inception.
Option D: This option is correct because the Virashaiva movement began in Karnataka during the mid-12th century. This movement was a significant part of the broader Bhakti movement in India, emphasizing devotion to Lord Shiva and social reform.

Mnemonic: Karnataka, 12th century, Virashaiva

Back to Karnataka Gk set 12 – Practice all questions