Explanation: The Khilafat Movement was a significant political and religious movement in India during the early 20th century. It was initiated by Indian Muslims to protect the Ottoman Caliphate, which was under threat following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I. The movement aimed to defend the temporal powers of the Khalifa, who was the spiritual leader of the Muslims and the head of the Ottoman Empire.
The Khilafat Committee was formed in Bombay in March 1919. This committee was established to organize and mobilize support for the Khilafat Movement. The formation of the committee was a response to the Treaty of Sevres, which was signed in 1920 and aimed to dismantle the Ottoman Empire. The committee sought to influence the British government to protect the Khalifa's temporal powers and to prevent the dismemberment of the Ottoman Empire.
The Khilafat Movement gained significant support from the Indian National Congress, which saw an opportunity to unite Hindus and Muslims in a common cause against British rule. The movement was closely associated with the Non-Cooperation Movement, which was launched in 1920 under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. The Non-Cooperation Movement aimed to achieve Indian independence through non-violent means, and it was seen as a way to support the Khilafat Movement.
The Khilafat Committee played a crucial role in mobilizing support for the movement and in organizing protests and demonstrations. The committee worked closely with the Indian National Congress and other political organizations to promote the cause of the Khilafat Movement. The movement had a significant impact on Indian politics and society, and it contributed to the growth of the Indian nationalist movement.
In conclusion, the Khilafat Committee was formed in Bombay in March 1919 to defend the Khalifa's temporal powers. The committee was a key organization in the Khilafat Movement, which aimed to protect the Ottoman Caliphate and to promote Indian nationalism. The movement had a significant impact on Indian politics and society, and it played a crucial role in the struggle for Indian independence.