Explanations:The Chauri Chaura incident is a significant event in the history of the Indian independence movement. It took place on February 5, 1922, in the Chauri Chaura village of the Gorakhpur district in Uttar Pradesh. The incident involved a violent clash between local protesters and the police, resulting in the death of 22 policemen and several protesters.
The Non-cooperation movement, launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920, was a major phase of the Indian independence struggle. The movement aimed to achieve self-governance and the end of British rule through non-violent means. It involved a series of actions such as boycotting British goods, refusing to pay taxes, and resigning from government positions. The movement gained significant momentum and support across the country.
The Chauri Chaura incident occurred during this period of heightened political activity and tension. The violence that erupted at Chauri Chaura was a stark deviation from the principles of non-violence that Gandhi had advocated. The incident led to a significant setback for the Non-cooperation movement. Gandhi, deeply concerned by the violence, decided to suspend the movement on February 12, 1922, to prevent further loss of life and to reaffirm the commitment to non-violence.
The other movements mentioned in the options occurred at different times and had different objectives. The Civil Disobedience Movement, which began in 1930, was a more direct challenge to British authority, involving the famous Salt March led by Gandhi. The Quit India Movement, launched in 1942, was a call for immediate independence from British rule. Poorna Swaraj, or complete independence, was a broader goal that encompassed various movements and strategies to achieve freedom from colonial rule.
Understanding the timeline and context of these movements is crucial for correctly identifying the historical event and its associated movement. The Chauri Chaura incident is specifically linked to the Non-cooperation movement, which was characterized by its non-violent approach and the significant impact of the incident on the movement's trajectory.