Explanations:The Treaty of Srirangapatna was a significant historical event that took place in 1792, marking the end of the Third Anglo-Mysore War. This treaty was signed between Tipu Sultan, the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore, and the British East India Company, represented by Lord Cornwallis, who was the Governor-General of India at the time.
The Anglo-Mysore Wars were a series of conflicts between the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East India Company, which took place between 1767 and 1799. These wars were part of the broader struggle for control over the Indian subcontinent between various European powers and the local rulers. The Treaty of Srirangapatna was a crucial turning point in this series of conflicts, as it resulted in significant territorial and financial concessions from Tipu Sultan to the British.
Lord Cornwallis, who was a prominent British military and political figure, played a key role in the negotiations and the signing of the treaty. He was known for his strategic military campaigns and his administrative reforms in India. The treaty required Tipu Sultan to cede half of his dominions to the British and their allies, and to pay a large indemnity. This treaty weakened the power of the Mysore kingdom and strengthened the position of the British in southern India.
Understanding the Treaty of Srirangapatna and the role of Lord Cornwallis is essential for comprehending the broader context of British expansion in India during the late 18th century. It is a significant event in the history of the Indian subcontinent and is often tested in competitive examinations such as the UPSC, SSC, and State PSC exams.