Explanation: The territories of Goa, Daman, and Diu were under Portuguese colonial rule until 1961. In December 1961, India launched a military operation known as Operation Vijay, which resulted in the liberation of these territories from Portuguese control. Following the successful operation, the Indian government needed to formally integrate these territories into the Indian Union and the Indian Constitution.
To achieve this, the Twelfth Amendment to the Indian Constitution was enacted in 1962. This amendment was specifically designed to incorporate Goa, Daman, and Diu into the Indian Union as a Union Territory. The amendment was necessary to ensure that these territories were governed under the Indian Constitution and to provide them with a legal and constitutional framework within the Indian Union.
It is important to note that the Twelfth Amendment was not the only constitutional amendment related to the integration of territories into the Indian Union. Other amendments, such as the Tenth Amendment (1960), the Fourteenth Amendment (1962), and the Fifteenth Amendment (1963), dealt with different aspects of constitutional changes and the integration of other territories or states. However, the Twelfth Amendment was specifically focused on Goa, Daman, and Diu.
Understanding the historical context and the specific purpose of each constitutional amendment is crucial for correctly identifying the amendment related to the incorporation of Goa, Daman, and Diu. The Twelfth Amendment of 1962 is the correct answer as it directly addresses the integration of these territories into the Indian Union and the Indian Constitution.