Explanations:The ruler of Bengal in 1757 was Siraj ud daulah. To understand this, it is essential to delve into the historical context of Bengal during the mid-18th century. Bengal, a region in eastern India, was a significant part of the Mughal Empire and later became a focal point for European colonial powers, particularly the British East India Company.
Siraj ud daulah, also known as Siraj ud Daulah, was the Nawab of Bengal from 1756 to 1757. He ascended to the throne after overthrowing his maternal grandfather Alivardi Khan, who was the Nawab of Bengal at the time. Siraj ud daulah's rule was marked by his efforts to assert his authority over the region and his conflicts with the British East India Company, which had established a significant presence in Bengal through its trading posts.
The most significant event during Siraj ud daulah's reign was the Battle of Plassey, which took place on June 23, 1757. This battle was a turning point in the history of British colonialism in India. The British, led by Robert Clive, defeated Siraj ud daulah's forces, leading to the deposition of Siraj ud daulah and the installation of Mir Jafar as the new Nawab of Bengal. This event marked the beginning of British control over Bengal and eventually the entire Indian subcontinent.
It is important to note that the other options provided in the question are incorrect. Mir Qasim, who is mentioned in Option B, was a later ruler of Bengal. He succeeded Mir Jafar and ruled from 1760 to 1763. Mir Qasim is known for his attempts to assert his independence from the British East India Company, which ultimately led to his downfall.
Tipu Sultan, mentioned in Option C, was the ruler of Mysore, a region in southern India. He ruled from 1782 to 1799 and was known for his conflicts with the British East India Company. Tipu Sultan is not associated with Bengal and was not the ruler of Bengal in 1757.
Therefore, the correct answer is Option A: Siraj ud daulah. He was the Nawab of Bengal in 1757, and his rule ended with the Battle of Plassey, which marked the beginning of British colonial rule in Bengal.