Explanation: The iqtadari system was a crucial administrative and revenue collection mechanism in the Delhi Sultanate, a period in medieval Indian history that spanned from the 13th to the 16th century. Under this system, the sultan would grant a piece of land, known as an iqtah, to a military officer or administrator, who was then known as an iqtadar. The iqtadar was responsible for collecting taxes and maintaining law and order in the area under his jurisdiction.
The iqtadari system was designed to ensure that the sultanate had a reliable source of revenue and a loyal military force. The iqtadars were given the responsibility of collecting taxes from the peasants and traders within their iqtas. These taxes included agricultural taxes, trade taxes, and other forms of revenue. The revenue collected from the iqtah was the primary source of income for the iqtadars, allowing them to maintain their lifestyle and fulfill their administrative duties.
It is important to note that the iqtadari system was different from the jagirdari system, which emerged later. In the jagirdari system, jagirdars were granted jagirs (land grants) and received revenue from the land, but they were not directly responsible for administrative duties. The iqtadari system, on the other hand, combined both revenue collection and administrative responsibilities.
The iqtadari system was a significant part of the Delhi Sultanate's administrative structure and played a crucial role in the economic and political stability of the region. Understanding the iqtadari system and the role of iqtadars is essential for comprehending the administrative and economic systems of medieval India.