Explanation: The Great Indian Bustard (GIB) is a large bird species native to the Indian subcontinent, known for its distinctive appearance and habitat in the arid and semi-arid regions of India. The GIB is critically endangered, with its population facing significant threats due to habitat loss, hunting, and other human activities.
In Rajasthan, the GIB holds a special status as the state bird, symbolizing the rich biodiversity and cultural heritage of the region. This designation highlights the importance of conservation efforts to protect the species and its habitat within the state. The GIB's status as the state bird underscores the commitment of Rajasthan to wildlife conservation and the preservation of its unique natural heritage.
The GIB is listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List, which is a global inventory of the conservation status of biological species. The IUCN Red List categorizes species based on their risk of extinction, with "critically endangered" being the highest risk category. This classification reflects the severe threats faced by the GIB and the urgent need for conservation measures to prevent its extinction.
While the GIB population is primarily found in Rajasthan and Gujarat, it is not confined exclusively to these two states. The species has historically ranged across several states in India, including Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Andhra Pradesh. However, due to habitat loss and other threats, the GIB's range has significantly contracted, with the majority of the remaining population now concentrated in Rajasthan and Gujarat.
Understanding the status of the GIB as the state bird of Rajasthan and its critically endangered status is crucial for conservation efforts. It highlights the need for comprehensive conservation strategies, including habitat protection, anti-poaching measures, and community engagement, to ensure the survival of this iconic species.
In summary, the correct answer is (C) 1 and 3 only, as it accurately reflects the GIB's status as the state bird of Rajasthan and its critically endangered status on the IUCN Red List. The GIB's distribution, while primarily in Rajasthan and Gujarat, is not confined exclusively to these states, making the statement in option 2 incorrect.