Explanations:The Himalayan mountain system is a complex and vast range that stretches across several countries in South Asia, including India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Pakistan. The Himalayas are divided into several parallel ranges, each with its own distinct characteristics and names. Understanding the nomenclature of these ranges is crucial for comprehending the geography of the region.
The Great Himalaya, also known as the Himadri, is the highest and most continuous range within the Himalayan system. It is often referred to as the "backbone" of the Himalayas due to its central and dominant position. This range includes some of the world's highest peaks, such as Mount Everest, K2, and Kangchenjunga. The term "Himadri" is derived from Sanskrit, where "Him" means "snow" and "Adri" means "mountain," thus signifying the snow-capped mountains of the highest range.
The other ranges within the Himalayan system include the Shiwalik and the Himachal. The Shiwalik, also known as the Sub-Himalayan range, is the outermost and lowest range of the Himalayas. It is characterized by its relatively lower elevation and is composed of sedimentary rocks. The Himachal, on the other hand, is not a specific range but rather the name of a state in India, Himachal Pradesh, which is located in the western part of the Himalayas.
It is important to distinguish between these ranges to avoid confusion. The Great Himalaya, or Himadri, is the highest and most significant range, while the Shiwalik and Himachal refer to different geographical and administrative entities within the broader Himalayan region. Understanding these distinctions is essential for students preparing for competitive examinations that test knowledge of Indian geography and general knowledge.