Explanations:The Indian national calendar, also known as the Saka calendar, is a lunisolar calendar that was officially adopted in 1957 for use in India. This calendar is based on the traditional Hindu calendar, which has been in use for centuries. The Indian national calendar is used for official purposes in India, such as for government documents, public events, and festivals.
The Indian national calendar is a solar calendar, meaning it is based on the position of the Sun relative to the Earth. However, it also incorporates lunar phases to determine the start of each month. The year in the Indian national calendar begins with the month of Chaitra, which typically falls in March or April according to the Gregorian calendar. This month is significant because it marks the beginning of the spring season in India and is associated with various cultural and religious festivals.
Chaitra is the first month of the Indian national calendar, and it is followed by the month of Vaishakha, which is the second month. The calendar consists of 12 months, each with 30 or 31 days, and an additional intercalary month (Adhik Maas) is added every few years to keep the calendar in sync with the solar year. The months of the Indian national calendar are named after the traditional Hindu months, and each month is associated with specific festivals and cultural practices.
Understanding the Indian national calendar is important for students preparing for competitive exams such as the UPSC, SSC, and Bank PO, as questions related to the calendar and its months often appear in these exams. It is also useful for anyone interested in Indian culture and traditions, as the calendar plays a significant role in determining the dates of important festivals and events.