Explanation: The Chola dynasty was a prominent Tamil dynasty that ruled parts of southern India from the 3rd century BCE until the 13th century CE. The Cholas were known for their military prowess, administrative efficiency, and cultural achievements. Vijayalaya Chola, who lived in the 9th century CE, is credited with founding the imperial Chola dynasty. He established Thanjavur as his capital, which became a significant center of Chola power and culture.
Thanjavur, also known as Tanjore, is located in the central part of Tamil Nadu. It is situated on the banks of the Kaveri River and has been an important cultural and administrative center for centuries. Vijayalaya's choice of Thanjavur as his capital was strategic, as it provided a strong base for the Cholas to expand their influence and control over the region.
The Cholas under Vijayalaya and his successors built numerous temples and monuments in Thanjavur, which are still significant historical and cultural landmarks today. The Brihadisvara Temple, also known as the Peruvudaiyar Kovil, is one of the most famous temples built by the Cholas in Thanjavur. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a testament to the architectural and artistic achievements of the Chola dynasty.
It is important to note that the Cholas were primarily active in the southern part of India, particularly in Tamil Nadu. Cities like Hyderabad (in Telangana), Agra (in Uttar Pradesh), and Delhi (the capital of India) were not part of the Chola kingdom and were not built by Chola rulers. These cities were significant during different periods of Indian history, but they are not associated with the Chola dynasty or Vijayalaya Chola.
In summary, Thanjavur is the correct answer because it was the city built by Vijayalaya Chola as the capital of the imperial Chola dynasty. This city played a crucial role in the Chola's rise to power and remains an important historical site in Tamil Nadu.