Explanation: To understand why Itanagar is the correct answer, we need to delve into the concept of Earth's rotation and the geographical positioning of the given cities. The Earth rotates from west to east, which means that the easternmost point on the Earth's surface will see the sunrise first. This is because the easternmost point will be the first to face the sun as the Earth rotates.
Arunachal Pradesh, where Itanagar is located, is the easternmost state in India. It is situated at a higher longitude compared to the other cities mentioned in the options. The longitude of a place determines its position relative to the prime meridian, and places with higher longitudes are further east. Therefore, Itanagar, being in the easternmost part of India, will see the sunrise before any other city in the country.
To further illustrate this concept, let's consider the longitudes of the cities mentioned:
- Itanagar (Arunachal Pradesh): Approximately 94°E
- Patna (Bihar): Approximately 85°E
- Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh): Approximately 77°E
- Delhi: Approximately 77°E
From these longitudes, it is clear that Itanagar is the easternmost city among the options. As the Earth rotates, the easternmost point will face the sun first, making Itanagar the first to see the sunrise.
It is important to note that the concept of longitude is crucial in determining the order of sunrise across different locations. Latitude, which measures the north-south position, does not affect the order of sunrise in this context. Therefore, students should focus on the longitudinal position of a place to determine which location will see the sunrise first.
In summary, Itanagar, being the easternmost city among the options, will see the rising sun first due to its higher longitude and the Earth's rotation from west to east. This concept is fundamental in understanding geographical and astronomical phenomena related to the Earth's rotation and the position of the sun.