Concept notes: Sattriya is a classical dance form that originated in the state of Assam, India. It is deeply rooted in the Vaishnavite monasteries known as Sattras, where it was developed as a form of spiritual expression and storytelling. Sattriya dance is characterized by its unique movements, costumes, and music, which reflect the rich cultural heritage of Assam.
Explanation: Sattriya is a classical dance form that originated in the state of Assam, India. It is one of the eight classical dance forms recognized in India, and it has a rich history deeply rooted in the cultural and religious traditions of Assam. The term "Sattriya" is derived from the word "Sattras," which refers to the Vaishnavite monasteries in Assam where this dance form was developed and preserved.
The origins of Sattriya can be traced back to the 15th century when the Vaishnavite saint Srimanta Sankardeva established the Sattras in Assam. These monasteries were not only centers of religious learning but also served as cultural hubs where various art forms, including dance, were nurtured and refined. Sankardeva and his disciples developed Sattriya as a means of spiritual expression and storytelling, often depicting scenes from the life of Lord Krishna and other religious narratives.
Sattriya dance is characterized by its unique movements, which are both graceful and powerful. The dance form includes a variety of postures, gestures, and expressions that are used to convey different emotions and stories. The costumes worn by the dancers are also distinctive, featuring traditional Assamese attire such as the Mekhela Chador for women and Dhoti for men, adorned with intricate designs and colors.
The music that accompanies Sattriya dance is equally important and is typically performed using traditional Assamese instruments such as the Khol (a type of drum) and the Taal (cymbals). The lyrics of the songs are often in the Assamese language and are based on religious texts and spiritual themes.
Sattriya dance was traditionally performed only by male monks within the Sattras, but in recent times, it has been opened up to both male and female performers. This has helped in the wider dissemination and appreciation of the dance form, both within Assam and across India.
Understanding the origins and significance of Sattriya dance is crucial for anyone interested in the cultural heritage of Assam and the broader context of Indian classical dance forms. It is a testament to the rich cultural diversity of India and the enduring legacy of its traditional art forms.