Explanation: Qutbuddin Aibak, often referred to as the "Lakh Baksh" (Giver of Lakhs), was a significant figure in the early history of the Delhi Sultanate. He was originally a slave of the Ghurid ruler, Mohammad Ghori, and rose to prominence due to his military and administrative skills. Mohammad Ghori, who was a powerful ruler of the Ghurid Empire, launched several successful campaigns in India, conquering large parts of northern India, including Delhi and Ajmer.
After Mohammad Ghori's death in 1206, Qutbuddin Aibak took over the administration of the conquered territories. He was appointed as the governor of Delhi and Lahore, and upon Ghori's death, he declared himself the independent ruler of the Indian territories. This marked the beginning of the Delhi Sultanate and the Slave Dynasty, which was the first of the five dynasties that ruled from Delhi.
Qutbuddin Aibak's rule was short-lived, lasting only four years (1206-1210), but he laid the foundation for the Delhi Sultanate. He initiated the construction of the Qutb Minar, one of the most iconic structures in Delhi, which was later completed by his successor, Iltutmish. Aibak's reign was characterized by his efforts to consolidate power and establish a stable administration in the newly conquered territories.
It is important to distinguish between the various rulers who played a role in the conquest and administration of northern India. Mahmud of Ghazni, for instance, was a contemporary of Mohammad Ghori but did not establish a permanent rule over the Indian territories. Similarly, Chengiz Khan, the founder of the Mongol Empire, was not directly involved in the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate.
Understanding the historical context and the specific roles of these rulers is crucial for comprehending the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate and the transition of power from the Ghurid Empire to the Slave Dynasty. This knowledge is essential for students studying medieval Indian history and the early phases of the Delhi Sultanate.